| Type | Private |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1922 |
| Founder(s) | Malta Forrest |
| Key people | George Forrest, Owner and Chairman |
The Forrest Group (also Groupe Forrest) is a group of companies founded around the mining industry in 1922, currently active mostly in Europe, East Africa, and Arabia. It is owned by George Arthur Forrest, a Belgian entrepreneur of New Zealand descent.
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Malta Forrest launched l'Entreprise Générale Malta Forrest (EGMF), a transport company, in 1922 in Katanga Province in the south of the Belgian Congo. Starting in 1933, the company moved into mining gold, copper and manganese in the Kolwezi, Musonoi and Kasekelesa mines. In 1951 the company undertook the mining and civil engineering works to open the Kisenge manganese mine. In the early 1950s it broadened out into public works and civil engineering, building the roads, sewerage system and airport for the mining city of Kolwezi. Around this time the firm began to focus on civil engineering in the western Katanga copper belt.[1]
Victor Eskenazi-Forrest, the founder’s adoptive son, helped Malta Forrest to manage the company, starting in 1954. In 1968 the company took limited liability status. It was then involved in a series of large scale public works projects funded by international organizations such as the World Bank and the African Development Bank. Malta Forrest died in 1974, and Victor Eskenazi-Forrest and George Arthur Forrest, the founder's son, became Managing Directors. In 1986 George Arthur Forrest took full control.[1]
The company undertook a major government contract to restore the road network in Lubumbashi, Likasi, Kolwezi and Kalemie. In 1990 EGMF undertook a large strip mining work for the state-controlled mining company Gécamines. In 1991 the country, now called Zaire, went through political upheaval and fell into a prolonged recession, bring the engineering works to a halt. In May 1995 EGMF helped fund Gécamines in mining the cobalt deposit of Kasombo 1, working as a private sector partner to the state-owned company. George Forrest created the George Forrest International Group that year.[1]
Compagnie Miniere du Sud Katanga (CMSK) operates the Luiswishi Mine, owned 60% by Enterprise Générale Malta Forrest and 40% by Gecamines. CMSK was formed in January 2004 and owns the rights to Luiswishi mine and also to Luishia Mine, inactive as of 2011. The ore is concentrated in CMSK's plant at Kinpushi before being shipped abroad for processing. CMSK employs about 300 people directly, and another 350 serve as contractors.[2] CMSK produces 12,000 tons of copper annually and about 4,000 tons of cobalt. This is about 8% of world cobalt production.[3]
Miniere de Musoshi et Kinsenda (MMK), formerly a subsidiary of Forrest Group, owned the flooded Kinsenda and Musoshi copper mines in the Katanga Province. MMK became a subsidiary of Copper Resources Corporation, itself a subsidiary of Metorex, as of 30 November 2005.[4] Due to a Title Revisitation Process initiated by the DRC government, in February 2009 it was confirmed that the Musoshi mine would be returned to the state-owned Sodimico.[5]
The Forrest Group today includes "Malta Forrest", "George Forrest International S.A.", etc. Malta Forrest acts as a mother company of the other groups. The companies consist of diverse industrial activities, including mining, cement manufacturing, public works, hauling, and munitions manufacturing.[6]
In 2002 a United Nations panel named the George Forrest Group as one of 29 companies that should face sanctions for their operations in Democratic Republic of the Congo. Their report said the group was taking as much as possible of the profit from their mining operations out of the country, and were providing little benefit to the DRC. The secretary general of the company denied these charges, citing the benefits from taxation and indirect returns.[7]
In December 2010 Wikileaks published cables that they alleged showed that US officials were ignoring reports of dangerously high levels of radiation at Forrest's Luiswishi Mine, and implied that uranium was being separated from the ore which purportedly held only copper and cobalt.[8] Groupe Forrest International refuted these rumors, saying that although uranium was present in the copper and cobalt ore from the mine, it was at far too low a grade to be exploited, and radioactivity in the Luiswishi mine was largely lower than the European standards.[3]
In 2009 Forrest invested in Korongo Airlines, together with Brussels Airlines and local investors, for flights between Lubumbashi and Kinshasa. Launch of other domestic services depended on upgrades to airport infrastructure.[9] As of April 2011 the airline was on the list of those banned from European Community airports due to safety concerns.[10]